配置网络源

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ping www.163.com
PING z163picipv6.v.bsgslb.cn (61.184.215.68) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 61.184.215.68 (61.184.215.68): icmp_seq=1 ttl=128 time=13.2 ms
64 bytes from 61.184.215.68 (61.184.215.68): icmp_seq=2 ttl=128 time=10.5 ms
^C
--- z163picipv6.v.bsgslb.cn ping statistics ---
2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1001ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 10.549/11.886/13.224/1.341 ms
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Linux-AppStream.repo          CentOS-Linux-Devel.repo             CentOS-Linux-Media.repo
CentOS-Linux-BaseOS.repo             CentOS-Linux-Extras.repo            CentOS-Linux-Plus.repo
CentOS-Linux-ContinuousRelease.repo  CentOS-Linux-FastTrack.repo         CentOS-Linux-PowerTools.repo
CentOS-Linux-Debuginfo.repo          CentOS-Linux-HighAvailability.repo  CentOS-Linux-Sources.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# mv * /tmp/yumrepo/

将以下代码写入CentOS-Base.repo

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Base.repo
[base]
name=CentOS-8-stream - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/BaseOS/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-8-stream - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/extras/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-8-stream - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/centosplus/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

[PowerTools]
name=CentOS-8-stream - PowerTools - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/PowerTools/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official

[AppStream]
name=CentOS-8-stream - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/8-stream/AppStream/$basearch/os/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# 

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
0 files removed
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum makecache
CentOS-8-stream - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com                                 824 kB/s |  41 MB     00:50    
CentOS-8-stream - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com                                46 kB/s |  18 kB     00:00    
CentOS-8-stream - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com                            354 kB/s |  31 MB     01:28    
Metadata cache created.
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
CentOS-Base.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=518409
--2023-07-11 09:49:09--  https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/file/?id=518409
Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 23.66.128.31, 2600:1417:76:788::2e31, 2600:1417:76:795::2e31
Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|23.66.128.31|:443... connected.

安装mysql的release包

添加mysql文件夹，下载/mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost tmp]# mkdir /home/mysql
[root@localhost tmp]# mv mysql-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar  /home/mysql/
[root@localhost tmp]# cd /home/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm
--2023-07-11 09:59:46--  https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm
Resolving dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)... 23.66.128.31, 2600:1417:76:68e::2e31, 2600:1417:76:681::2e31
Connecting to dev.mysql.com (dev.mysql.com)|23.66.128.31|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Moved Temporarily
Location: https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm [following]
--2023-07-11 09:59:48--  https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.218.32.218
Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.218.32.218|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 10534 (10K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: ‘mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm’

mysql80-community-release- 100%[========================================>]  10.29K  --.-KB/s    in 0s      

2023-07-11 09:59:48 (67.8 MB/s) - ‘mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm’ saved [10534/10534]

[root@localhost mysql]# 
[root@localhost mysql]# ls
mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost mysql]# 

再次查看是否还有残留，如果有就删除

MySQL和mariadb都要查看

[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -qa |grep mysql
pcp-pmda-mysql-5.3.1-5.el8.x86_64
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -qa |grep maraida
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -e pcp-pmda-mysql-5.3.1-5.el8.x86_64
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -qa |grep maraida
[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -qa |grep mysql

使用rpm -ivh 安装刚刚下载的rpm包

[root@localhost mysql]# rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm 
warning: mysql80-community-release-el9-1.noarch.rpm: Header V4 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 3a79bd29: NOKEY
Verifying...                          ################################# [100%]
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:mysql80-community-release-el9-1  ################################# [100%]
[root@localhost mysql]# yum repolist enabled 
repo id                                    repo name
AppStream                                  CentOS-8-stream - AppStream - mirrors.aliyun.com
base                                       CentOS-8-stream - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
extras                                     CentOS-8-stream - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
mysql-connectors-community                 MySQL Connectors Community
mysql-tools-community                      MySQL Tools Community
mysql80-community                          MySQL 8.0 Community Server
[root@localhost mysql]# yum install -y mysql-community-server
MySQL 8.0 Community Server                                                  829 kB/s | 839 kB     00:01    
MySQL Connectors Community                                                   48 kB/s |  19 kB     00:00    
MySQL Tools Community                                                       449 kB/s | 283 kB     00:00    
All matches were filtered out by modular filtering for argument: mysql-community-server
Error: Unable to find a match: mysql-community-server
[root@localhost mysql]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ls
 CentOS-Base.repo        mysql-community-debuginfo.repo   mysql-community-source.repo
'index.html?id=518409'   mysql-community.repo

这里需要关闭校验

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vi mysql-community.repo 
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# cat mysql-community.repo 
[mysql80-community]
name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/9/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

[mysql-connectors-community]
name=MySQL Connectors Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-connectors-community/el/9/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

[mysql-tools-community]
name=MySQL Tools Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/9/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

[mysql-cluster-8.0-community]
name=MySQL Cluster 8.0 Community
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-cluster-8.0-community/el/9/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql-2022

直接使用yum安装，报错，直接行运yum module disable mysql

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install -y mysqlql-community-server
MySQL 8.0 Community Server                                                   15 kB/s | 2.6 kB     00:00    
MySQL Connectors Community                                                   14 kB/s | 2.6 kB     00:00    
MySQL Tools Community                                                        16 kB/s | 2.6 kB     00:00    
No match for argument: mysqlql-community-server
Error: Unable to find a match: mysqlql-community-server
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum module disable mysql
Last metadata expiration check: 0:01:30 ago on Tue 11 Jul 2023 10:17:03 AM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
============================================================================================================
 Package                  Architecture            Version                    Repository                Size
============================================================================================================
Disabling modules:
 mysql                                                                                                     

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================

Is this ok [y/N]: y
Complete!
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install mysql-community-server

报错，需要其它依赖包

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
Last metadata expiration check: 0:06:45 ago on Tue 11 Jul 2023 10:17:03 AM CST.
Error: 
 Problem: cannot install the best candidate for the job
  - nothing provides libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.34)(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libcrypto.so.3()(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libcrypto.so.3(OPENSSL_3.0.0)(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libssl.so.3()(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.29)(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libssl.so.3(OPENSSL_3.0.0)(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.13)(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.26)(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libm.so.6(GLIBC_2.29)(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
(try to add '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)

安装依赖包

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install -y openssl-devel 
Last metadata expiration check: 0:08:34 ago on Tue 11 Jul 2023 10:17:03 AM CST.
Dependencies resolved.
============================================================================================================
 Package                          Architecture        Version                       Repository         Size
============================================================================================================
Installing:
 openssl-devel                    x86_64              1:1.1.1k-9.el8                base              3.2 M
Upgrading:
 openssl                          x86_64              1:1.1.1k-9.el8                base              737 k
 openssl-libs                     x86_64              1:1.1.1k-9.el8                base              1.5 M
Installing dependencies:
 keyutils-libs-devel              x86_64              1.5.10-9.el8                  base               48 k
 krb5-devel                       x86_64              1.18.2-14.el8                 base              560 k
 libcom_err-devel                 x86_64              1.45.6-2.el8                  base               38 k
 libkadm5                         x86_64              1.18.2-14.el8                 base              187 k
 libselinux-devel                 x86_64              2.9-5.el8                     base              200 k
 libsepol-devel                   x86_64              2.9-3.el8                     base               87 k
 libverto-devel                   x86_64              0.3.0-5.el8                   base               18 k
 pcre2-devel                      x86_64              10.32-2.el8                   base              605 k
 pcre2-utf32                      x86_64              10.32-2.el8                   base              220 k

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================
Install  10 Packages
Upgrade   2 Packages

Total download size: 7.3 M
Downloading Packages:
(1/12): libcom_err-devel-1.45.6-2.el8.x86_64.rpm                            171 kB/s |  38 kB     00:00    
(2/12): keyutils-libs-devel-1.5.10-9.el8.x86_64.rpm                         191 kB/s |  48 kB     00:00    
(3/12): libkadm5-1.18.2-14.el8.x86_64.rpm                                   415 kB/s | 187 kB     00:00    
(4/12): libselinux-devel-2.9-5.el8.x86_64.rpm                               390 kB/s | 200 kB     00:00    
(5/12): libverto-devel-0.3.0-5.el8.x86_64.rpm                               204 kB/s |  18 kB     00:00    
(6/12): libsepol-devel-2.9-3.el8.x86_64.rpm                                 388 kB/s |  87 kB     00:00    
(7/12): krb5-devel-1.18.2-14.el8.x86_64.rpm                                 385 kB/s | 560 kB     00:01    
(8/12): pcre2-utf32-10.32-2.el8.x86_64.rpm                                  403 kB/s | 220 kB     00:00    
(9/12): pcre2-devel-10.32-2.el8.x86_64.rpm                                  421 kB/s | 605 kB     00:01    
(10/12): openssl-1.1.1k-9.el8.x86_64.rpm                                    416 kB/s | 737 kB     00:01    
(11/12): openssl-libs-1.1.1k-9.el8.x86_64.rpm                               418 kB/s | 1.5 MB     00:03    
(12/12): openssl-devel-1.1.1k-9.el8.x86_64.rpm                              422 kB/s | 3.2 MB     00:07    
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                       871 kB/s | 7.3 MB     00:08     
CentOS-8-stream - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com                                  13 kB/s | 1.6 kB     00:00    
Importing GPG key 0x8483C65D:
 Userid     : "CentOS (CentOS Official Signing Key) <security@centos.org>"
 Fingerprint: 99DB 70FA E1D7 CE22 7FB6 4882 05B5 55B3 8483 C65D
 From       : https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Official
Key imported successfully
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                    1/1 
  Upgrading        : openssl-libs-1:1.1.1k-9.el8.x86_64                                                1/14 
  Running scriptlet: openssl-libs-1:1.1.1k-9.el8.x86_64                                                1/14 
  Installing       : libkadm5-1.18.2-14.el8.x86_64                                                     2/14 
  Installing       : pcre2-utf32-10.32-2.el8.x86_64                                                    3/14 
  Installing       : pcre2-devel-10.32-2.el8.x86_64                                                    4/14 
  Installing       : libverto-devel-0.3.0-5.el8.x86_64                                                 5/14 
  Installing       : libsepol-devel-2.9-3.el8.x86_64                                                   6/14 
  Installing       : libselinux-devel-2.9-5.el8.x86_64                                                 7/14 
  Installing       : libcom_err-devel-1.45.6-2.el8.x86_64                                              8/14 
  Installing       : keyutils-libs-devel-1.5.10-9.el8.x86_64                                           9/14 
  Installing       : krb5-devel-1.18.2-14.el8.x86_64                                                  10/14 
  Installing       : openssl-devel-1:1.1.1k-9.el8.x86_64                                              11/14 
  Upgrading        : openssl-1:1.1.1k-9.el8.x86_64                                                    12/14 
  Cleanup          : openssl-1:1.1.1k-4.el8.x86_64                                                    13/14 
  Cleanup          : openssl-libs-1:1.1.1k-4.el8.x86_64                                               14/14 
  Running scriptlet: openssl-libs-1:1.1.1k-4.el8.x86_64                                               14/14 
  Verifying        : keyutils-libs-devel-1.5.10-9.el8.x86_64                                           1/14 
  Verifying        : krb5-devel-1.18.2-14.el8.x86_64                                                   2/14 
  Verifying        : libcom_err-devel-1.45.6-2.el8.x86_64                                              3/14 
  Verifying        : libkadm5-1.18.2-14.el8.x86_64                                                     4/14 
  Verifying        : libselinux-devel-2.9-5.el8.x86_64                                                 5/14 
  Verifying        : libsepol-devel-2.9-3.el8.x86_64                                                   6/14 
  Verifying        : libverto-devel-0.3.0-5.el8.x86_64                                                 7/14 
  Verifying        : openssl-devel-1:1.1.1k-9.el8.x86_64                                               8/14 
  Verifying        : pcre2-devel-10.32-2.el8.x86_64                                                    9/14 
  Verifying        : pcre2-utf32-10.32-2.el8.x86_64                                                   10/14 
  Verifying        : openssl-1:1.1.1k-9.el8.x86_64                                                    11/14 
  Verifying        : openssl-1:1.1.1k-4.el8.x86_64                                                    12/14 
  Verifying        : openssl-libs-1:1.1.1k-9.el8.x86_64                                               13/14 
  Verifying        : openssl-libs-1:1.1.1k-4.el8.x86_64                                               14/14 

Upgraded:
  openssl-1:1.1.1k-9.el8.x86_64                      openssl-libs-1:1.1.1k-9.el8.x86_64                     
Installed:
  keyutils-libs-devel-1.5.10-9.el8.x86_64                krb5-devel-1.18.2-14.el8.x86_64                   
  libcom_err-devel-1.45.6-2.el8.x86_64                   libkadm5-1.18.2-14.el8.x86_64                     
  libselinux-devel-2.9-5.el8.x86_64                      libsepol-devel-2.9-3.el8.x86_64                   
  libverto-devel-0.3.0-5.el8.x86_64                      openssl-devel-1:1.1.1k-9.el8.x86_64               
  pcre2-devel-10.32-2.el8.x86_64                         pcre2-utf32-10.32-2.el8.x86_64                    

Complete!
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
Last metadata expiration check: 0:08:56 ago on Tue 11 Jul 2023 10:17:03 AM CST.
Error: 
 Problem: cannot install the best candidate for the job
  - nothing provides libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.34)(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libcrypto.so.3()(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libcrypto.so.3(OPENSSL_3.0.0)(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libssl.so.3()(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.29)(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libssl.so.3(OPENSSL_3.0.0)(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3.13)(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.26)(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
  - nothing provides libm.so.6(GLIBC_2.29)(64bit) needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.33-1.el9.x86_64
(try to add '--skip-broken' to skip uninstallable packages or '--nobest' to use not only best candidate packages)
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install -y libcrypto*
Last metadata expiration check: 0:09:22 ago on Tue 11 Jul 2023 10:17:03 AM CST.
Package openssl-libs-1:1.1.1k-9.el8.x86_64 is already installed.
Dependencies resolved.
============================================================================================================
 Package                       Architecture        Version                     Repository              Size
============================================================================================================
Installing:
 compat-openssl10              x86_64              1:1.0.2o-4.el8              AppStream              1.1 M

Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================
Install  1 Package

Total download size: 1.1 M
Installed size: 2.9 M
Downloading Packages:
compat-openssl10-1.0.2o-4.el8.x86_64.rpm                                    394 kB/s | 1.1 MB     00:02    
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                       394 kB/s | 1.1 MB     00:02     
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Preparing        :                                                                                    1/1 
  Installing       : compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-4.el8.x86_64                                             1/1 
  Running scriptlet: compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-4.el8.x86_64                                             1/1 
  Verifying        : compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-4.el8.x86_64                                             1/1 

Installed:
  compat-openssl10-1:1.0.2o-4.el8.x86_64                                                                    

Complete!
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# 

CentOS更新 glibc - 解决 `GLIBC_2.29‘ not found

下载源代码

wget https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/libc/glibc-2.34.tar.gz

tar xvf glibc-2.34.tar.gz
配置环境
glic 的编译不能在自身目录下进行，这样方便将所有生成的文件集中放置，出现问题时只要删除编译目录即可，源代码目录仍保留完整的源代码。（但编译过程还是会修改部分内容。）

cd glibc-2.34
mkdir build && cd build
../configure --prefix=/usr/local/glibc-2.34

configure 文件有多个参数可以添加，但只有 --prefix 是必需的，它表示后续在哪个目录下安装 glibc，默认是 “/usr/local”，我这里选择 “/usr/local/glibc-2.34”。

编译安装

make -j 64
make install

此时会在 /usr/local 目录下生成一个 glibc-2.34 目录，包含所有的 bin/lib/include 文件。其中 lib 目录下就有我们需要的 libc.so.6 和 libm.so.6。

导入路径
上面的操作只是生成和安装，但没有添加到环境变量中去，所以其他软件仍然找不到这些依赖文件。
由于 libc 是系统基础文件，不能轻易删除，所以这里选择将新生成的文件路径直接导入环境变量，而不是替换原有文件。但是需要注意的是绝对不能导入到系统环境变量，如 /etc/profile 等，否则系统所有命令都会出现 “Segmentation fault”。

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/glibc-2.34/lib

安装失败