问题：

[root@node03 sqoop-1.4.6-cdh5.14.0]# bin/sqoop list-databases --connect jdbc:mysql://192.168.163.30:3306/ --username root --password admin
Warning: /export/servers/sqoop-1.4.6-cdh5.14.0/bin/../../hbase does not exist! HBase imports will fail.
Please set $HBASE_HOME to the root of your HBase installation.
Warning: /export/servers/sqoop-1.4.6-cdh5.14.0/bin/../../hcatalog does not exist! HCatalog jobs will fail.
Please set $HCAT_HOME to the root of your HCatalog installation.
Warning: /export/servers/sqoop-1.4.6-cdh5.14.0/bin/../../accumulo does not exist! Accumulo imports will fail.
Please set $ACCUMULO_HOME to the root of your Accumulo installation.
Warning: /export/servers/sqoop-1.4.6-cdh5.14.0/bin/../../zookeeper does not exist! Accumulo imports will fail.
Please set $ZOOKEEPER_HOME to the root of your Zookeeper installation.
22/10/08 11:17:58 INFO sqoop.Sqoop: Running Sqoop version: 1.4.6-cdh5.14.0
22/10/08 11:17:58 WARN tool.BaseSqoopTool: Setting your password on the command-line is insecure. Consider using -P instead.
22/10/08 11:17:58 INFO manager.MySQLManager: Preparing to use a MySQL streaming resultset.
Sat Oct 08 11:17:58 CST 2022 WARN: Establishing SSL connection without server's identity verification is not recommended. According to MySQL 5.5.45+, 5.6.26+ and 5.7.6+ requirements SSL connection must be established by default if explicit option isn't set. For compliance with existing applications not using SSL the verifyServerCertificate property is set to 'false'. You need either to explicitly disable SSL by setting useSSL=false, or set useSSL=true and provide truststore for server certificate verification.
22/10/08 11:17:59 ERROR manager.CatalogQueryManager: Failed to list databases
java.sql.SQLException: Unknown system variable 'query_cache_size'
	at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:964)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3970)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3906)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:2524)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2677)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2545)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2503)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.StatementImpl.executeQuery(StatementImpl.java:1369)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.loadServerVariables(ConnectionImpl.java:3833)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.initializePropsFromServer(ConnectionImpl.java:3283)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.connectOneTryOnly(ConnectionImpl.java:2297)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.createNewIO(ConnectionImpl.java:2083)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.<init>(ConnectionImpl.java:806)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection.<init>(JDBC4Connection.java:47)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
	at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:425)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.getInstance(ConnectionImpl.java:410)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.NonRegisteringDriver.connect(NonRegisteringDriver.java:328)
	at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:664)
	at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:247)
	at org.apache.sqoop.manager.SqlManager.makeConnection(SqlManager.java:904)
	at org.apache.sqoop.manager.GenericJdbcManager.getConnection(GenericJdbcManager.java:52)
	at org.apache.sqoop.manager.CatalogQueryManager.listDatabases(CatalogQueryManager.java:57)
	at org.apache.sqoop.tool.ListDatabasesTool.run(ListDatabasesTool.java:49)
	at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.run(Sqoop.java:147)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner.run(ToolRunner.java:70)
	at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runSqoop(Sqoop.java:183)
	at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runTool(Sqoop.java:234)
	at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runTool(Sqoop.java:243)
	at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.main(Sqoop.java:252)
22/10/08 11:17:59 ERROR sqoop.Sqoop: Got exception running Sqoop: java.lang.RuntimeException: java.sql.SQLException: Unknown system variable 'query_cache_size'
java.lang.RuntimeException: java.sql.SQLException: Unknown system variable 'query_cache_size'
	at org.apache.sqoop.manager.CatalogQueryManager.listDatabases(CatalogQueryManager.java:73)
	at org.apache.sqoop.tool.ListDatabasesTool.run(ListDatabasesTool.java:49)
	at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.run(Sqoop.java:147)
	at org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner.run(ToolRunner.java:70)
	at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runSqoop(Sqoop.java:183)
	at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runTool(Sqoop.java:234)
	at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.runTool(Sqoop.java:243)
	at org.apache.sqoop.Sqoop.main(Sqoop.java:252)
Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Unknown system variable 'query_cache_size'
	at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:964)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3970)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3906)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:2524)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2677)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2545)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2503)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.StatementImpl.executeQuery(StatementImpl.java:1369)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.loadServerVariables(ConnectionImpl.java:3833)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.initializePropsFromServer(ConnectionImpl.java:3283)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.connectOneTryOnly(ConnectionImpl.java:2297)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.createNewIO(ConnectionImpl.java:2083)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.<init>(ConnectionImpl.java:806)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection.<init>(JDBC4Connection.java:47)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
	at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:425)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.getInstance(ConnectionImpl.java:410)
	at com.mysql.jdbc.NonRegisteringDriver.connect(NonRegisteringDriver.java:328)
	at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:664)
	at java.sql.DriverManager.getConnection(DriverManager.java:247)
	at org.apache.sqoop.manager.SqlManager.makeConnection(SqlManager.java:904)
	at org.apache.sqoop.manager.GenericJdbcManager.getConnection(GenericJdbcManager.java:52)
	at org.apache.sqoop.manager.CatalogQueryManager.listDatabases(CatalogQueryManager.java:57)
	... 7 more

解决：
查了一下Unknown system variable 'query_cache_size’应该是因为：mysql-connecter-java的版本过低，很显然是数据库驱动程序与数据库版本不对应。查看了一下配置，发现mysql-connector-java的版本是5.1.40，而我本地mysql版本是8.0.26，linux的MySQL版本是5.1.73

[root@node03 lib]# cd /export/servers/sqoop-1.4.6-cdh5.14.0/lib/
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@node03 lib]# ll
total 31448
（其他无关的我就不放在这里了，这样方便看）
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   990924 Mar  1  2022 mysql-connector-java-5.1.40.jar

可以看到我现在的版本是：mysql-connector-java-5.1.40.jar
所以还要添加一个8.0版本的mysql-connector-java，下载对应的jar包：
https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/mysql/mysql-connector-java
选择对应的版本点进去在Files这里就能下载jar包了
将下载好的jar包放在sqoop的lib目录下，：

[root@node03 lib]# cd /export/servers/sqoop-1.4.6-cdh5.14.0/lib
[root@node03 lib]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.
[root@node03 lib]# ll
total 33856
（其他无关的我就不放在这里了，这样方便看）
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root   990924 Mar  1  2022 mysql-connector-java-5.1.40.jar
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  2462364 Oct  8 12:15 mysql-connector-java-8.0.26.jar

然后再尝试连接本地windows的mysql就成功了！

[root@node03 lib]# cd /export/servers/sqoop-1.4.6-cdh5.14.0
[root@node03 sqoop-1.4.6-cdh5.14.0]# bin/sqoop list-databases --connect jdbc:mysql://192.168.163.30:3306/ --username root --password admin
Warning: /export/servers/sqoop-1.4.6-cdh5.14.0/bin/../../hbase does not exist! HBase imports will fail.
Please set $HBASE_HOME to the root of your HBase installation.
Warning: /export/servers/sqoop-1.4.6-cdh5.14.0/bin/../../hcatalog does not exist! HCatalog jobs will fail.
Please set $HCAT_HOME to the root of your HCatalog installation.
Warning: /export/servers/sqoop-1.4.6-cdh5.14.0/bin/../../accumulo does not exist! Accumulo imports will fail.
Please set $ACCUMULO_HOME to the root of your Accumulo installation.
Warning: /export/servers/sqoop-1.4.6-cdh5.14.0/bin/../../zookeeper does not exist! Accumulo imports will fail.
Please set $ZOOKEEPER_HOME to the root of your Zookeeper installation.
22/10/08 12:23:31 INFO sqoop.Sqoop: Running Sqoop version: 1.4.6-cdh5.14.0
22/10/08 12:23:31 WARN tool.BaseSqoopTool: Setting your password on the command-line is insecure. Consider using -P instead.
22/10/08 12:23:31 INFO manager.MySQLManager: Preparing to use a MySQL streaming resultset.
mysql
information_schema
performance_schema
sys
test