现象

对maven项目进行package打包时，发现自动执行了test单元测试，可能到导致执行了意向不到的结果（比如测试修改数据库）。

分析

maven中的maven-surefire-plugin包，在package时会对项目中test/java目录下查找符合规则的Test类进行执行，进行自动化测试。参考完档：http://maven.apache.org/guides/getting-started/index.html

Test类名匹配规则有：

• **/*Test
• **/*TestCase
• **/*Tests （文档中没有）
• **/Test*

Test类名忽略规则有：

• **/Abstract*Test.java （文档中，测试没用）
• **/Abstract*TestCase.java （文档中，测试没用）

验证

类名

执行结果

[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ parent-tester ---
[INFO] 
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]  T E S T S
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Running com.lizz.LizzTests
@@@@@LizzTests@@@@@
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.043 s - in com.lizz.LizzTests
[INFO] Running com.lizz.LizzTest
@@@@@LizzTest@@@@@
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0 s - in com.lizz.LizzTest
[INFO] Running com.lizz.Abstract8Test
@@@@@Abstract8Test@@@@@
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.004 s - in com.lizz.Abstract8Test
[INFO] Running com.lizz.LizzTestCase
@@@@@LizzTestCase@@@@@
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0 s - in com.lizz.LizzTestCase
[INFO] Running com.lizz.TestAbstract
@@@@@TestAbstract@@@@@
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.001 s - in com.lizz.TestAbstract
[INFO] Running com.lizz.AbstractLizzTest
@@@@@AbstractLizzTest@@@@@
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.001 s - in com.lizz.AbstractLizzTest
[INFO] Running com.lizz.AbstractLizzTests
@@@@@AbstractLizzTests@@@@@
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.002 s - in com.lizz.AbstractLizzTests
[INFO] Running com.lizz.AbstractLizzTestCase
@@@@@AbstractLizzTestCase@@@@@
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.001 s - in com.lizz.AbstractLizzTestCase
[INFO] Running com.lizz.Test1
@@@@@Test1@@@@@
[INFO] Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.001 s - in com.lizz.Test1
[INFO] 
[INFO] Results:
[INFO] 
[INFO] Tests run: 9, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

 

解决方案

方案1

使用spring-boot-maven-plugin方式打包，可以增加参数 <skipTests>true</skipTests>

    <properties>
        <skipTests>true</skipTests>
    </properties>

方案2

使用maven-surefire-plugin方式打包，可以增加配置<skip>true</skip>

  <build>
        <plugins>                    
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <skip>true</skip>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

方案3

idea中设置关闭

方案4

在执行命令中增加 -DskipTests=true，跳过test。

 

/Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachines/jdk1.8.0_241.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java .... -DskipTests=true package
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
....

 

效果

收获

合理使用单元测试可以减少手动测试的时间，在持续集成过程中加快开发测速度。