安装mysql5.7

yum install wget		# 安装wget工具，方便下载yum源中没有的内容
wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql57-community-release-el7-9.noarch.rpm		
cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
yum install mysql-server		# 安装mysql
systemctl start  mysqld.service		# 启动mysql服务
grep "password" /var/log/mysqld.log		# 获取初始密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'new password';		# 修改数据库密码
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'192.168.0.1' identified by 'password' with grant option;			# 开启远程访问
flush privileges; 		# 使改动生效
firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent		# 给防火墙添加开放端口
firewall-cmd --reload		# 重新载入防火墙设置
vi /etc/my.cnf		# 修改数据库字符编码
添加以下内容：
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'

如果忘记密码，可采取以下操作

sudo cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf
mysql -udebian-sys-maint -p	# 用户为图中的user，密码为图中的password
use mysql	# 切换到mysql数据库
update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root' and Host ='localhost';		# 设置root用户的密码为123456
update user set plugin="mysql_native_password";		# 更新配置
flush privileges;		# 使配置生效
quit		# 退出，然后就可以使用root用户登录

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