参考下面的代码：根据图片所在axes位置，和colorbar所设置的字体大小，调整所要拓展的长度和宽度。

img=imread('cameraman.tif');

ratio=size(img,2)/size(img,1);

imshow(img);axis on;

hcolor=colorbar('FontSize',12); ;axis on;

%%%%%%%%%%

set(gca, 'units', 'pixel');

h=get(gcf,'CurrentAxes');

pos=get(h,'position');

set(hcolor, 'units', 'pixel');

posbar=get(hcolor,'position');

posxy=[pos(1)-50 pos(2)-30/ratio pos(3)+posbar(1)-size(img,2)+posbar(3)+60 pos(4)+30/ratio];

f = getframe(gcf,posxy);%delete(gcf);

imwrite(f.cdata,'color.jpg');

%%%或者这样

img=imread('cameraman.tif');

imshow(img);axis on;

colorbar('FontSize',12); ;axis on

f = getframe(gcf);%delete(gcf);

imwrite(f.cdata,'color.jpg');，